Explorers | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    Samuel Hearne

    Samuel Hearne, explorer, fur trader, author, naturalist (born 1745 in London, England; died November 1792 in London, England).

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/ae69d3f2-aebe-4a53-b1a8-ddfebac57e3f.jpg Samuel Hearne

  • Article

    Simon Fraser

    Simon Fraser, explorer, fur trader (born 20 May 1776 in Mapletown, Hoosick Township, New York; died 18 August 1862 in St Andrews West, Canada West). Simon Fraser is best known for his exploration of the Fraser River.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/2dc62fed-c7a6-4a34-a2ba-15665a1fe30b.jpg Simon Fraser

  • Article

    Sir Alexander Mackenzie (Explorer)

    Sir Alexander Mackenzie, fur trader, explorer (born around 1764 near Stornoway, Scotland; died 12 March 1820 near Dunkeld, Scotland). Mackenzie was one of Canada’s greatest explorers. In two epic journeys for the North West Company in 1789 and 1793, he crossed the dense northern wilderness to reach the Arctic and Pacific Oceans. The first European to cross North America north of Mexico, he inspired later adventurers and traders, such as the famous Lewis and Clark expedition sponsored by the American military (1804–6). The Mackenzie River, named in his honour, symbolizes Mackenzie’s important place as a pioneer and fur trader in Canadian history.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/Alexander_MacKenzie_by_Thomas_Lawrence_(c.1800).jpg Sir Alexander Mackenzie (Explorer)

  • Article

    Sir David Kirke

    Sir David Kirke, trader and privateer, first governor of Newfoundland (born at Dieppe, France c1597; died near London, England 1654). Kirke, with Sir William Alexander, Earl of Stirling, formed the Company of Adventurers, which was granted patents by King Charles I. It gave them the right to trade and settle in Canada. Kirke was the owner of the first recorded Black chattel-slave in New France, Olivier Le Jeune. 

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Sir David Kirke

  • Article

    Sir Francis Drake

    Sir Francis Drake, one of history's great seamen and adventurers (b near Tavistock, Eng 1540?; d off Panama 28 Jan 1596). He likely sighted VANCOUVER ISLAND on his voyage around the world (1577-80).

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Sir Francis Drake

  • Article

    Sir Humphrey Gilbert

    His first attempt, in 1578, was frustrated by poor organization, desertion and storms.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/3dba2c3d-19d5-4563-ab19-30bc1172350d.jpg Sir Humphrey Gilbert

  • Editorial

    Sir Humphrey Gilbert: Elizabethan Explorer

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/fd3f646a-84ae-476c-9535-803c115c3e43.jpg Sir Humphrey Gilbert: Elizabethan Explorer

  • Article

    Sir James Clark Ross

    Sir James Clark Ross, naval officer, polar discoverer (b at London, Eng 15 Apr 1800; d at Aylesbury, Eng 13 Apr 1862).

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/53c26b08-3e98-4cb1-b146-fc3654a0854a.jpg Sir James Clark Ross

  • Article

    Sir Martin Frobisher

    Sir Martin Frobisher, mariner, privateer, explorer (born ca. 1535 near Wakefield, England; died 22 November 1594 in Plymouth, England).

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/81d7e25b-a608-4f43-ab84-ff36f2b50ba7.jpg Sir Martin Frobisher

  • Article

    Ten Female Trailblazers of Western Canada

    As prospectors, mountaineers, farmers and homesteaders, women played an important role in the development of Western Canada. This list of ten female trailblazers includes Black American settlers and prospectors; a Tagish prospector whose discovery helped spark the Klondike Gold Rush; a glacier specialist and founding member of the Alpine Club of Canada; and one of the first women hired by the North-West Mounted Police. Some travelled from overseas or the United States, others from Central or Atlantic Canada — all were lured to the Canadian west by the prospect of land, freedom and opportunity. 

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/KathleenRice/KathleenRiceProspector.jpg Ten Female Trailblazers of Western Canada

  • Article

    Thomas James

    Thomas James, explorer (b 1593; d 1635). He sailed from Bristol to Hudson Bay in 1631, 2 days before Luke FOX left on a rival voyage from London. The 2 met by chance at Cape Henrietta Maria (named after James's ship).

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Thomas James

  • Article

    Thomas Scott

    Thomas Scott, insurgent, labourer (born c. 1842 in Clandeboye, County Down Ireland; died 4 March 1870, in Red River Colony). Scott was an Irish Protestant who moved to the Red River Colony in 1869 and joined the Canadian Party. His actions against the Provisional Government of Assiniboia twice led to his arrest and jailing. Scott was convicted of treason and executed by the provisional government, led by Louis Riel, on 4 March 1870. His execution led to the Red River Expedition, a military force sent to Manitoba by Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald to confront the Métis at Red River. From that point on, Protestant Ontarians, especially members of the powerful Orange Order, wanted retribution from Riel for Scott’s death. Scott’s execution led to Riel’s exile and to Riel’s own execution for treason in 1885.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/132c7732-6818-4002-b060-1a78ecef2729.jpg Thomas Scott

  • Article

    Tillson Lever Harrison

    Tillson Lever Harrison, physician, surgeon, army officer, adventurer (b at Tillsonburg, Ont 7 January 1881; d near Kaifeng, China, 10 January 1947). Also known as a writer, raconteur and humanitarian, Tillson Harrison has been touted as Canada's second Norman BETHUNE and the model for Indiana Jones.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Tillson Lever Harrison

  • Editorial

    John Rae's Search for the Franklin Expedition

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 John Rae's Search for the Franklin Expedition

  • Article

    Tookoolito

    Tookoolito, also known as Hannah and Taqulittuq (born in 1838 near Cumberland Sound, NU; died 31 December 1876 in Groton, Connecticut), Inuk translator and guide to American explorer Charles Francis Hall. Tookoolito and her husband, Ebierbing (traditionally spelt Ipiirvik), were well-known Inuit explorers of the 19th century who significantly contributed to non-Inuit’s knowledge of the North. The Government of Canada has recognized Tookoolito and Ebierbing as National Historic Persons.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/e04550ef-5ab9-4ff6-89e7-d5d42a2e1b8c.jpg Tookoolito